下面我们看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了几个常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：
名称命令表达式创建表create '表名称', '列名称1','列名称2','列名称N'添加记录 put '表名称', '行名称', '列名称:', '值'查看记录get '表名称', '行名称'查看表中的记录总数count '表名称'删除记录delete '表名' ,'行名称' , '列名称'删除一张表先要屏蔽该表，才能对该表进行删除，第一步 disable '表名称' 第二步 drop '表名称'查看所有记录scan "表名称" 查看某个表某个列中所有数据scan "表名称" , ['列名称:']更新记录就是重写一遍进行覆盖一、一般操作1.查询服务器状态hbase(main):024:0>status3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load2.查询hive版本
hbase(main):025:0>version
0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011二、DDL操作
1.创建一个表
hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info' 0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds2.获得表的描述
hbase(main):012:0>listTABLE member 1 row(s) in 0.0160secondshbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'DESCRIPTION ENABLED {NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]} 1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds3.删除一个列族，alter，disable，enable
我们之前建了3个列族，但是发现member_id这个列族是多余的，因为他就是主键，所以我们要将其删除。hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.
报错，删除列族的时候必须先将表给disable掉。
hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member' 0 row(s) in 2.0390secondshbase(main):005:0>alter'member',NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'0 row(s) in 0.0560secondshbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'DESCRIPTION ENABLED {NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]} 1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds该列族已经删除，我们继续将表enablehbase(main):008:0> enable 'member' 0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds4.列出所有的表
hbase(main):028:0>listTABLE member temp_table 2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds 5.drop一个表hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'0 row(s) in 2.0590secondshbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds 6.查询表是否存在hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'Table member doesexist 0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds7.判断表是否enable
hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'true 0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds8.判断表是否disable
hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'false 0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds
三、DML操作
1.插入几条记录put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou' put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie' put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'
2.获取一条数据
获取一个id的所有数据hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'COLUMN CELL address:city timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou address:contry timestamp=1321586239126, value=china address:province timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba 6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds获取一个id，一个列族的所有数据
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba 3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds获取一个id，一个列族中一个列的所有数据
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds 6.更新一条记录将scutshuxue的年龄改成99hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'0 row(s) in 0.0210secondshbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'
COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99 1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds 3.通过timestamp来获取两个版本的数据hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24 1 row(s) in 0.0140secondshbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}
COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99 1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds 4.全表扫描：hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'ROW COLUMN+CELL scutshuxue column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou scutshuxue column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china scutshuxue column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang scutshuxue column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99 scutshuxue column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 scutshuxue column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba temp column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59 xiaofeng column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang xiaofeng column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china xiaofeng column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong xiaofeng column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao xiaofeng column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17 xiaofeng column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba xiaofeng column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie 3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds5.删除id为temp的值的‘info:age’字段
hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'0 row(s) in 0.0150secondshbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'COLUMN CELL 0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds 6.删除整行hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'
0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds7.查询表中有多少行：
hbase(main):019:0>count 'member' 2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds8.给‘xiaofeng’这个id增加'info:age'字段，并使用counter实现递增
hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' COUNTER VALUE = 1hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01 1 row(s) in 0.0140secondshbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL info:age timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02 1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds获取当前count的值
hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' COUNTER VALUE = 29.将整张表清空：hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):- Disabling table...- Dropping table...- Creating table...0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds可以看出，hbase是先将掉disable掉，然后drop掉后重建表来实现truncate的功能的。